The more common one is based on the definite article der, die, das, but with distinctive forms in the genitive ( dessen, deren) and in the dative plural ( denen). Intonation of German restrictive relative clausesĪside from their highly inflected forms, German relative pronouns are less complicated than English. In yes-no questions, V1 (verb-first) word order is used: the finite verb occupies the first position in the sentence this time, there is no prefield. Was machst du jetzt? ("What are you doing now?") Wer geht ins Kino? ("Who is going to the cinema?" – In this sentence, the interrogative pronoun wer serves as the subject)-> Yes-No Questions They begin with a question word, then there is the conjugated verb, followed by the subject (if there is one), and the rest of the sentence follows. Specific questions are similar to inverted statements. Questions are generally divided into yes-no questions and wh-questions. "Ich fliege schnell." – "I fly fast." – unstressed " Schnell fliege ich." – "I fly fast." – stressed 'fast' (i.e., "Fast is how I fly.") "Du bist wunderschön." – "You are lovely." – unstressed " Wunderschön bist du." – "You are lovely." – stressed 'lovely' (i.e., "Lovely is what you are.") "Ich bin gelaufen." – "I ran." – unstressed " Gelaufen bin ich!" – "I ran!" – stressed 'ran' (i.e., "Run is what I did!") Interrogative Sentences The conjugated verb is always the second sentence element in indicative statements. The subject phrase, at the beginning of an indicative unstressed sentence, is moved directly behind the conjugated verb, and the component to be emphasized is moved to the beginning of the sentence. ( October 2021) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)īy an inversion you emphasize of the sentence: an adverbial phrase, a predicative or an object, or even an inner verbal phrase. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. "Florian is giving me tomorrow the book."įlorian gibt es mir morgen. OR We're going on Thursday to the movies."įlorian gibt mir morgen das Buch. BUTĪn welchem Tag gehen wir ins Kino? (On) What day are we going to the movies?Īm Donnerstag gehen wir ins Kino. "He was greater than me."Īdditionally, German often structures a sentence according to increasing news value. "Because of their anniversary plan we our parents a trip to Munich."Ĭomparisons can be put after both parts of the verb, or before the place of its later part. Wegen ihres Jahrestages bereiten wir unseren Eltern einen Ausflug nach München vor. "We go on Friday together to the movies." Wir gehen am Freitag miteinander ins Kino.
Verb, nochmal (first part of the separable verb).In this case, a form of "tun" is legitimately inserted for the conjugated verb, as in Arbeiten tun wir.
If the verb is not separable or periphrastical, the infinitive will do. If the verb is most important, the unconjugated (normally second) part of the separable verb is placed here, but even then separated from the conjugated (normally first) part.A "dann", then, does so often, but not necessarily otherwise, the Subject will do. The word "da" with the meaning "then suddenly" must take the first place.Wichtigstes (what is the most important thing of the things following?).In the midfield (the part of the clause between the position of the finite verb and that of the clause-final verb cluster), German word order is highly variable.Ĭonventional German syntax presents information within a sentence in the following order:
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